Chest Injury
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From Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia Chest trauma
(or thoracic trauma) is a serious injury of the chest. Thoracic trauma is a
common cause of significant disability and mortality, the leading cause of
death from physical trauma after head and spinal cord injury.[1] Blunt
thoracic injuries are the primary or a contributing cause of about a quarter
of all trauma-related deaths.[1] The mortality rate is about 10%.[2] Chest
injuries were first described in detail in around 1600 BC in the ancient
Egyptian Edwin Smith Papyrus.[3]
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Chest trauma can be classified as blunt or
penetrating. Blunt and penetrating injuries have different pathophysiologies
and clinical courses.
Specific types of chest trauma include:
* Injuries to the chest wall
o Chest wall contusions or hematomas.
o Rib fractures
o Flail chest
o Sternal fractures
o Fractures of the shoulder girdle
* Pulmonary injury (injury to the lung) and injuries involving the pleural
space
o Pulmonary contusion
o Pulmonary laceration
o Pneumothorax
o Hemothorax
o Hemopneumothorax
* Injury to the airways
o Tracheobronchial tear
* Cardiac injury
o Pericardial tamponade
o Myocardial contusion
* Blood vessel injuries
o Traumatic aortic rupture, thoracic aorta injury
* And injuries to other structures within the torso
o Esophageal injury (Boerhaave syndrome)
o Diaphragm injury
Diagnosis
Most blunt injuries are managed with relatively simple interventions like
intubation and mechanical ventilation and chest tube insertion. Diagnosis of
blunt injuries may be more difficult and require additional investigations
such as CT scanning. Penetrating injuries often require surgery, and complex
investigations are usually not needed to come to a diagnosis. Patients with
penetrating trauma may deteriorate rapidly, but may also recover much faster
than patients with blunt injury. |
More related links about
Chest Injury
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Chest Wall
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Any motor vehicle accident that results in
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