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Embassy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A diplomatic mission is a group of people from one state or an international inter-governmental organization (such as the United Nations) present in another state to represent the sending state/organization in the receiving state. In practice, a diplomatic mission usually denotes the permanent mission, namely the office of a country's diplomatic representatives in the capital city of another country.

 
A permanent diplomatic mission is typically known as an embassy or chancery, and the person in charge of the mission is known as an ambassador. The ambassadorial residence is generally called the embassy. Some ambassadors will live outside of the chancery. For example, the American ambassador to Russia lives in a mansion known as Spaso House outside of the chancery.

All missions to the United Nations are known simply as permanent missions, while missions to the European Union are known as permanent representations and the head of such a mission is typically both a permanent representative and an ambassador. European Union missions abroad are known as delegations. Some countries have more particular naming for their missions and staff: a Vatican mission is headed by a nuncio (Latin "envoy") and consequently known as an apostolic nunciature. Libya's missions were for a long time known as people's bureaux and the head of the mission was a secretary.

In the past a diplomatic mission headed by a lower-ranking official (an envoy or minister resident) was known as a legation. Since the ranks of envoy and minister resident are effectively obsolete, the designation of legation is no longer used today. (See diplomatic rank.)

Missions between Commonwealth countries are known as high commissions and their heads are high commissioners. This is due to the fact that an ambassador is a representative that a head of state sends to another head of state with an letter of credence (an accreditation letter); since the Commonwealth realms share the same head of state, Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, it would be strange for the Monarch to accredit people to herself.

A consulate is similar to (but not the same as) a diplomatic office, but with focus on dealing with individual persons and businesses, as defined by the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. A consulate or consulate general is generally a representative of the embassy in locales outside of the capital city. For instance, the United Kingdom has its Embassy of the United Kingdom in Washington, D.C., but also maintains seven consulate-generals and four consulates. The person in charge of a consulate or consulate-general is known as a consul or consul-general, respectively. Similar services may also be provided at the embassy (to serve the region of the capital) in what is sometimes called a consular section.

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