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From Wikipedia, the
free encyclopedia A traffic collision (motor vehicle
collision, motor vehicle accident, car accident, or car
crash) is when a road vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian,
animal, or geographical or architectural obstacle. Traffic collisions can
result in injury, property damage, and death.
A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision including;
vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, and driver impairment.
Worldwide motor vehicle collisions lead to significant death and disability
as well as significant financial costs to both society and the individual. |
Terminology
Many different terms are commonly used to describe vehicle collisions.
The World Health Organization use the term road traffic injury, while
the U.S. Census Bureau uses the term motor vehicle accidents (MVA)
and Transport Canada uses the term "motor vehicle traffic collision". Other
terms that are commonly used include auto accident, car accident,
car crash, car smash, car wreck, motor vehicle
collision (MVC), personal injury collision (PIC), road
accident, road traffic accident (RTA), road traffic collision
(RTC), road traffic incident (RTI), road traffic accident
and later road traffic collision, as well as more unofficial terms
including smash-up and fender bender.
As the factors involved in collisions have become better understood, some
organizations have begun to avoid the term "accident," as the word suggests
an unpreventable, unpredictable event and disregards the opportunity for the
driver(s) involved to avoid the crash. Although auto collisions are rare in
terms of the number of vehicles on the road and the distance they travel,
addressing the contributing factors can reduce their likelihood. For
example, proper signage can decrease driver error and thereby reduce crash
frequency by a third or more. That is why these organizations prefer the
term "collision" rather than "accident".
However, treating collisions as anything other than "accidents" has been
criticized for holding back safety improvements, because a culture of blame
may discourage the involved parties from fully disclosing the facts, and
thus frustrate attempts to address the real root causes.
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